Flarum: Path traversal in LESS parser via theme color settings (incomplete fix for CVE-2023-27577)

Summary

Flarum's patch for CVE-2023-27577 restricted the @import and data-uri() LESS features in the custom_less setting, but the same restriction was never applied to other settings registered as LESS config variables (for example theme_primary_color and theme_secondary_color, as well as any key registered via Extend\Settings::registerLessConfigVar()).

Those values are interpolated verbatim into the LESS source at compile time, allowing an authenticated administrator to craft a theme-color value that injects an arbitrary @import directive into the compiled forum.css. Because the underlying LESS parser honours @import (inline) '<path>', an attacker can read arbitrary files reachable by the PHP process (local file inclusion) or trigger outbound HTTP(S) requests (server-side request forgery).

Impact

An attacker who has compromised — or legitimately obtained — an administrator account can:

• Read arbitrary local files reachable by the PHP process (e.g. /etc/passwd, .env, config files containing database credentials, OAuth secrets, API keys).
• Trigger outbound HTTP/HTTPS requests from the Flarum host, enabling SSRF against internal services and cloud metadata endpoints such as http://169.254.169.254/ (AWS IMDSv1, GCP, Azure).

The contents of the attacker-controlled import are embedded into the compiled forum.css, which is publicly served — so the attacker can retrieve whatever was read simply by fetching the CSS file.

This is a privilege-escalation vulnerability: a forum administrator is not intended to have host-level file read or access to internal network resources.

Example payload

Submitted via POST /api/settings with an admin session:

{ "theme_primary_color": "#4D698E;@import (inline) '/etc/passwd';" }

The setting is stored verbatim, interpolated into the LESS source on the next CSS compile, and the target file's contents appear in /assets/forum.css.

Patches

• flarum/core 1.8.16 — fix for the 1.x branch.
• flarum/core 2.0.0-rc.1 — fix for the 2.x branch.

The fix extends the existing / validation in to every dirty setting whose key is registered as a LESS config variable, not just .