CI4MS has stored XSS via Unescaped Blacklist Note in Admin User List

Summary

The blacklist (ban) note parameter in UserController::ajax_blackList_post() is stored in the database without sanitization and rendered into an HTML data-note attribute without escaping. An admin with blacklist privileges can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the browser of any other admin who views the user management page.

Details

In modules/Users/Controllers/UserController.php, the ajax_blackList_post() method (line 344-362) accepts a note POST parameter with only a required validation rule:

// Line 347 — validation only checks 'required', no sanitization
$valData = (['note' => ['label' => lang('Backend.notes'), 'rules' => 'required'],
             'uid' => ['label' => 'uid', 'rules' => 'required|is_natural_no_zero']]);

// Line 352 — raw user input passed directly to ban()
$user->ban($this->request->getPost('note'));

Shield's Bannable::ban() trait stores the message as-is:

// vendor/codeigniter4/shield/src/Traits/Bannable.php
public function ban(?string $message = null): self
{
    $this->status         = 'banned';
    $this->status_message = $message;  // No escaping
    // ...
}

In the users() method (line 13-91), when building the DataTables response, the status_message is concatenated directly into HTML without escaping:

// Line 55 — esc() IS used here (correct)
$result->fullname = esc($result->firstname) . ' ' . esc($result->surname);

// Line 58-59 — NO esc() on status_message (vulnerable)
if ($result->status == 'banned'):
    $result->actions .= '<button ... data-note="' . $result->status_message . '">'

The HTML string is returned as JSON (line 90) and DataTables renders it into the DOM. CSP is disabled ($CSPEnabled = false in App.php), and no SecureHeaders filter is applied.

PoC

Step 1 — Store XSS payload via ban endpoint:

curl -X POST 'https://TARGET/backend/users/blackList' \
  -H 'X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest' \
  -H 'Cookie: ci_session=ADMIN_SESSION_WITH_UPDATE_PERM' \
  -d 'uid=2&note=%22+onmouseover%3D%22alert(document.cookie)%22+x%3D%22'

Expected response: {"result":true,"error":{"type":"success","message":"..."}}

Step 2 — Trigger payload: Any admin navigating to /backend/users will receive HTML containing: