| Package | Affected versions | Patched versions |
|---|---|---|
| axios | ≥ 1.0.0, < 1.15.0< 0.31.0 | 1.15.00.31.0 |
| axios | ≥ 1.0.0, < 1.15.0< 0.31.0 | 1.15.00.31.0 |
The Axios library is vulnerable to a specific gadget-style attack chain in which prototype pollution in a third-party dependency may be leveraged to inject unsanitized header values into outbound requests.
Axios can be used as a gadget after pollution occurs elsewhere because header values merged from attacker-controlled prototype properties are not sanitized for CRLF (\r\n) characters before being written to the request. In affected deployments, this may enable limited request manipulation or metadata access as part of a higher-complexity exploit chain.
Severity: Moderate (CVSS 3.1 Base Score: 4.8)
Affected Versions: All versions (v0.x - v1.x)
Vulnerable Component: lib/adapters/http.js (Header Processing)
This issue requires a separate prototype pollution vulnerability in another library in the application stack (for example, qs, minimist, ini, or body-parser). If an attacker can pollute Object.prototype, Axios may pick up the polluted properties during config merge.
Because Axios does not sanitise these merged header values for CRLF (\r\n) characters, the polluted property can alter the structure of an outbound HTTP request.
Imagine a scenario where a known vulnerability exists in a query parser. The attacker sends a payload that sets:
Object.prototype['x-amz-target'] = \"dummy\r\n\r\nPUT /latest/api/token HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 169.254.169.254\r\nX-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds: 21600\r\n\r\nGET /ignore\";
The application makes a completely safe, hardcoded request:
// This looks safe to the developer
await axios.get('https://analytics.internal/pings');
Axios merges the prototype property x-amz-target into the request headers. It then writes the header value directly to the socket without validation.
Resulting HTTP traffic:
GET /pings HTTP/1.1
Host: analytics.internal
x-amz-target: dummy
PUT /latest/api/token HTTP/1.1
Host: 169.254.169.254
X-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds: 21600
GET /ignore HTTP/1.1
...
Running one of these products? Scan your site to see whether it exposes a vulnerable version.
Scan my site freeIn environments where requests can reach cloud metadata endpoints or sensitive internal services, the injected header content may help bypass expected request constraints and expose limited credentials or modify request semantics. This impact depends on application context and a separate prototype-pollution primitive.
Validate all header values in lib/adapters/http.js and xhr.js before passing them to the underlying request function.
Patch Suggestion:
// In lib/adapters/http.js
utils.forEach(requestHeaders, function setRequestHeader(val, key) {
if (/[\r\n]/.test(val)) {
throw new Error('Security: Header value contains invalid characters');
}
// ... proceed to set header
});
This report was generated as part of a security audit of the Axios library.